PQQ
Aliases: Pyrroloquinoline quinone
Last verified: 2026-09-23
The short version
A redox cofactor — stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α) preclinically; an energy/cognition supplement, often paired with CoQ10.
Identity & type
- Molecular type
- mali molekul
- Origin
- A redox cofactor — stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α) preclinically; an energy/cognition supplement, often paired with CoQ10.
Mechanism of action
PGC-1α/CREB signaling → new mitochondria; antioxidant.
Dosing & routes
Official / clinical context
Approved drug — indications, dosing and warnings are defined by the official label. 10–20 mg/day.
Regulator-approved labeling and published study designs — never a recommendation.
Community-reported practice
10–20 mg/day. With CoQ10: users report steadier energy and less "afternoon dip"; effects subtle but frequently reported.
Unverified self-reports. Not medical advice. Not endorsement.
Expected effects (community)
With CoQ10: users report steadier energy and less "afternoon dip"; effects subtle but frequently reported.
Protocol — official vs community
Official / label
No official protocol exists — this compound has no approved product.
Community (anecdotal)
10–20 mg oral daily with breakfast; commercial products span 10–40 mg, and it is frequently paired with CoQ10.
- Cycle:
- Continuous — supplements are not cycled.
- Break:
- None; late-day dosing is the only thing users report avoiding (insomnia).
This is ordinary supplement use, not a protocol: a legal dietary supplement with modest human data for fatigue and cognition. Effects reported are subtle — steadier energy, less afternoon dip — and the mitochondrial-biogenesis mechanism is preclinical.
Human evidence
Small human studies (fatigue, cognition); strong preclinical mitochondrial data.
Preclinical evidence
The preclinical phase was completed and submitted to regulators as part of registration; pharmacology and toxicology details are part of the official label.
Known risks
- Rare: headache, insomnia if taken late.characterized
Teal: characterized in clinical/labeling contexts. Amber: theoretical or reported outside controlled settings.
Unknowns & evidence gaps
- Long-term safety in off-label use